The glorious cause, p.89
The Glorious Cause, page 89
Magaw, Col. Robert, 357–58, 359–61
Maham tower (Hezekiah Maham), 494
Maidstone, 104
Maine, 33, 310, 534, 623
Maitland, Capt. John, 505
Manhattan, N.Y., 340, 347, 348, 352 (map), 353, 354, 355, 559, 626
Manley, John, 535–36
Manufactures, domestic, 186, 189, 191
Marblehead, Mass., 436, 535
Margaretta, 534
Marine Committee, 539
Marines, French, 542
Marion, Francis, 468, 473, 494, 496, 553
Marjoribanks, Maj. John, 500
Marshall, Christopher, 637
Marshall, S. L. A., 507
Martin, Col. Josiah, 473
Martin, Luther, 674, 656, 666
Martinique, W.I., 414
Maryland, 27, 34, 39, 59, 60, 128, 193, 466, 516, 620, 623, 651, 652
and allegiance to Britain, 129
and army provisions, 421
and Articles of Confederation, 624
assembly, 86, 181–82, 240, 323
Association committees in, 266
congressional delegates, 248
Constitutional Convention delegates, 646, 682
and Continental Army, 287, 351, 361, 395, 459, 477, 488, 491, 495, 496
militia, 361, 395, 399, 475
nonimportation in, 188–89
politics in, 44–45, 148
provincial convention, 266
tenants in, 40, 42
Maryland Gazette (Annapolis), 85–86, 193
Mason, George, 144, 145, 162, 188, 265
at Constitutional Convention, 631, 643, 664, 665, 668
“Declaration of Rights,” 627
“Massachusettensis.” See Leonard, Daniel
Massachusetts, 41, 47, 63, 75, 128, 154, 182, 190, 261, 312 (map), 404, 552, 621, 638
and the Association, as, 258–59
Committee of Safety, 270–71, 283, 287
congressional delegates, 245–50, 252, 256, 284
Constitutional Convention delegates, 646, 647, 661–62, 682
Constitution of 1780, 562
convention of towns, 178–79, 199
county courts closed, 260–61
and Intolerable Acts, 237
and Loyalist property, 581
mandamus council, 260–61, 270
and Navy Board, 536
nonimportation in, 188
politics in, 44, 87–92, 146–47, 179, 221–26
privateers, 534
Provincial Congress, 258–60, 262–63, 268, 270–73, 322–23, 536
regiments, 289–98, 353
Revolutionary War in, 272–79
River Gods, 259–60
Shays’s Rebellion in, 621
slavery abolished in, 600
and Stamp Act, 76, 80, 149
and Sugar Act, 70–71
superior courts, 260
western politics in, 259–60. See also Massachusetts Council; Massachusetts House of Representatives
Massachusetts Circular Letter. See Circular Letter
Massachusetts Council, 88, 174, 200, 204
and Bernard, 94, 168–69, 176
on Parliamentary taxation, 127
and quartering of British troops, 199
and Stamp Act, 92, 94, 146, 147
Massachusetts Government Act. See Intolerable Acts
Massachusetts House of Representatives, 88–92, 176, 178–79, 200, 213, 258–59, 262
and Bernard, 149, 168–69
Boston Gazette on, 91–93
and Circular Letter, 175, 181
and “Glorious Ninety-two,” 175–77
on Parliamentary taxation, 127
petition for Hutchinson’s removal, 225, 233
and River Gods, 259–60
and salaries of royal officials, 221, 222
and Stamp Act crisis, 143, 146, 147, 149
on Townshend duties, 163–64
Mather, Cotton, 33, 50, 531
Mathews, Gen. Edward, 361
Matlack, Timothy, 637
Maury, Rev. Mr. James, 82–83
Mawhood, Lt. Col. Charles, 369
Maxwell, Mungo, 538
Maxwell, Brig. Gen. William, 395, 427, 428, 432
Mayhew, Jonathan, 123, 124, 126, 131, 217–18
Mease, James, 523
Mechanics, 183, 239
Medford, Mass., 274, 275
Medical treatment of soldiers, 525–34
Mein, John, 199, 205–7, 238
Mennonites, 34, 35, 48
Menotomy, Mass., 274, 275, 280
Mercer, Hugh, 369
Mercer, Col. James, 8
Merchants, American, 38–39, 90, 138–39, 149, 159, 188, 218, 219, 519, 554, 561, 621
and army supplies, 420, 521
and the Association (Va.), 263
in Congress, 471
and customs officials, 69–70, 219–20
and Intolerable Acts, 238–39
and Molasses Act, 63, 70–71
and nonimportation, 186–94, 207, 214, 232–33, 238, 239–40, 265
and popular leaders, 238
and smuggling, 70
and Stamp Act crisis, 104, 106
and Sugar Act, 67–73
and Townshend Acts, 160. See also Nonimportation
Merchants, British, 112–13, 118–20, 144–45, 151
Middletown, N.J., 428, 434
Mifflin, Gen. Thomas, 367, 519, 521, 605, 676
Military theory and practice, 425, 470–71, 500, 505, 506–9, 587. See also Warfare
Militia. See Army, Continental
Millennialism, 34, 325–26
Milton, John, 122, 136
Ministry of England, 16–18, 241. See also Bute, John Stuart, Earl of; Grenville, George; North, Lord Frederick; Pitt, William; Rockingham, Charles Watson-Wentworth
Minorca, Spain, 8, 623
Minot, George, 276–77
Mississippi River, 620, 622, 635
Mobile, Ala., 575
Mob(s), 68–70, 98–99, 176, 206–8
in Boston, 93–97, 169–70, 187, 192, 230, 231
and Boston Massacre, 210–12
composition, leadership, purposes in Revolution, 138–41
in Connecticut, 109–11
in Hudson valley, 596
king’s reaction to, 112
in Newport, R.I., 104–6
in New York City, 187
Parliament’s reaction to, 112
and political divisions in colonies, 99
and Protestantism, 141
and Stamp Act, 138–40
in western Massachusetts, 260–61
“Model Treaty,” 407
Moffat, Dr. Thomas, 102–6, 148
Mohawk Indians, 575, 576
Mohawk River (N.Y.), 374, 383
Molasses Act, 63–64, 88, 196
Molesworth, Capt, 204
Molineux, William, 200, 208, 230
Monarchy: American attitudes toward, 4
and British government, 18
Europeans on, 10
Thomas Paine on, 324–25. See also Crown
Monck’s Corner, S.C., 454
Moncrieff, Maj. James, 451
Monmouth Court House, N.J., battle of, 428 (map), 429, 430–34, 459, 504, 512, 552, 601
Monroe, James, 607, 608
Montagu, Lord Charles, 183
Montagu, Adm. John, 219–20, 232
Montcalm, Gen. Louis Joseph, Marquis de, 8, 9, 282
Montesquieu, C. L. de Secondat, Baron de, 677
Montgomery, Hugh, 211
Montgomery, Richard, 313
Montreal, Canada, 313, 347, 378
Moore, Sir Henry, 150, 184–85
Moore, John, 458
Moore, Maurice, 126
Moore’s Creek Bridge, N.C., 500
Moravians, 34, 35, 48
Morgan, Daniel, 313, 475–84
at Cowpens, 470–76
at Guilford Court House, 486
at Saratoga, 387–88, 390
Morgan, Edmund S., 654
Morgan, Dr. Jobs, 371, 526–27
Morris, Gouverneur: at Constitutional Convention, 646, 650, 660, 661, 662, 664, 666, 676
Morris, John, 264
Morris, Robert, 404, 524–25, 537, 604, 606
and congressional powers, 617–19
at Constitutional Convention, 644–45, 676
as Superintendent of Finance, 617–19
Morris, Gov. Robert Hunter, 64
Morris, Roger, 568
Morristown, N.J., 369, 370, 371, 513–14, 517, 532–33, 552
Morton, Robert, 556
Moulton’s Hill, Mass., 289
Moulton’s Point, Mass., 293, 294
Mount Airy, Pa., 400
Mount Holly, N.J., 364, 366, 426
Mount Independence, N.Y., 380
Mount Vernon, Va., 620
Moylan, Stephen, 519
Muhlenberg, Henry, 48–49
Mumford, William, 68
Murray, Gen. William, 346
Musgrave, Col. Thomas, 400
Mystic River (Mass.), 289, 291, 293, 294, 295
Nancy, 229, 536
Narragansett Bay (R.I.), 436
National debt, 606, 610, 613, 619. See also Constitutional Convention; Imposts of 1781 and 1783
Pensions Nationalists, 62, 617. See also Federalists
Navigation Acts, 65, 67, 219
Navy, British, 23–26, 63, 68–70, 120, 357, 413–16, 434, 437, 446, 449, 454, 458, 534, 539–41, 554, 580, 597
and the Gaspee, 219
and impressment, 104
Navy Board, 25–26
and smugglers, 68–69
Navy, Continental, 534–43. See also Jones, John Paul; Privateering
Navy, French, 435, 438
Newark, N.J., 361, 553
New Brunswick, N.J., 361–62, 363, 366, 369, 426, 428, 437, 446, 449, 454, 458, 512, 554, 580, 597
Newburgh, N.Y., 603–5, 619
Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of, 18, 54, 64–65
Newcastle-Pitt coalition, 57
New England, 420, 449, 501, 519, 592, 608, 622
in British strategy, 412
domestic manufacturing in, 191
fear of Anglican bishop in, 131, 217–18
immigrants to, 33–34
and Intolerable Acts, 239
medical service in, 525
militia, 281, 436, 509, 516
nonconsumption in, 186
nonimportation violators in, 193–94
religion in, 46–47, 50
war’s effect on, 320, 322, 507. See also under individual states and towns
Newfoundland, 620, 622
New Hampshire, 33, 187, 312 (map), 591, 621, 644, 653
conflict with New York, 286
and Continental Congress, 240, 323
and nonimportation, 188
politics in, 43–44
regiments, 291, 294, 390, 429 (“Poor’s Brigade”)
and Stamp Act, 99
New Haven, Conn., 110
New Jersey, 47, 88, 128, 181, 372, 373, 374, 408, 524, 565, 598, 614, 620
and army provisions, 419, 421, 559
British troops in, 427
Constitutional Convention delegates, 631, 646–48, 654, 681
economy of, 612
German troops in, 552
legislature, 167, 240, 323
Loyalists in, 564
militia, 361, 395, 399
nonimportation in, 188
regiments, 395
religious groups in, 48
Revolutionary War in, 360 (map), 361–69, 372–73 (see also names of individual battles)
Stamp Act, 76, 99, 148
New Jersey Plan, 652–54
New Lights, 107–9, 147. See also Great Awakening
New London, Conn., 545
New Orleans, La., 607
Newport, R.I., 36, 68–69, 537, 584
and nonimportation, 190
Revolutionary War in, 436–38, 580, 582
and Stamp Act, 104–6
and Tory Junto, 101–2
and Ward-Hopkins factionalism, 100–101. See also Mob(s)
Newport Mercury (R.I.), 68, 105, 190
and Tory Junto proposals, 102
and Virginia Resolves, 85, 104
Newspapers, 187, 222, 228. See also Boston Chronicle; Boston Evening Post; Boston Gazette; Boston News-Letter; Connecticut Gazette; Maryland Gazette; Newport Mercury;New York Journal; Pennsylvania Chronicle; Providence Gazette;Virginia Gazette
New York, 36, 63, 70, 128, 131, 149, 152, 154, 188, 214, 216–17, 228, 270, 446, 451, 476, 497, 527, 555, 557, 599, 603–5, 607–8, 620, 625
assembly, 72, 127, 150–51, 155–57, 167, 184–85
Constitutional Convention delegates, 646, 652, 654, 661, 682–83
and Continental Congress, 240, 248, 284, 286, 333
council, 229
economy of, 612
Indians, 576
Loyalists in, 558–59, 564
mob in, 187, 192
and New Hampshire, 286
nonimportation in, 186, 187, 191, 192
politics in, 44, 184–85
Provincial Congress, 565
and Quartering Act, 150–51, 154, 198
religion in, 47, 48–49
Revolutionary War in, 291, 312 (map), 340–41, 346, 359, 360 (map), 382 (map), 412, 413, 426, 428, 434, 436, 438, 444, 456, 458, 493, 512, 524, 580–84, 590 (see also names of individual battles)
Sons of Liberty in, 228
and Stamp Act crisis, 76, 98–99, 142, 148, 150
and Tea Act, 229
tenants in, 40–41, 564, 581
and Ticonderoga, 283, 286
New York City, 34, 71, 128, 230, 240, 341, 345, 353, 354, 362, 367, 370, 371, 375, 389, 413, 425, 522, 582, 683
British occupation of, 150–51, 558–61, 590–92
deserters in, 370
mobs in, 187
outlaws near, 553
patriot-Loyalist encounters in, 581
New York Journal, 202
Nicholas, Robert Carter, 84
Ninety-Six, S.C., 459, 460, 466, 468, 475, 482, 494–95, 497
Nonconsumption, 186, 190–91, 252, 253–54
Nonexportation, 252, 263
Nonimportation, 140, 185–94
collapse of, 215, 238, 239
and Continental Congress, 251, 252
enforcement of, 266
in Maryland, 189
and Massachusetts Provincial Congress, 262
in New England, 239
North on, 267
popular participation in, 190–91, 232–33
and River Gods, 259
Theophilus Lillie on, 207
and Townshend Acts, 160–61
in Virginia, 263, 265
women and, 547–48, 550. See also Boston; Charleston; Merchants; Mobs; Newport; New York; Philadelphia
Norfolk, Va., 322
North, Lord Frederick, 155, 320, 344, 412
heads Cabinet, 234–36
and reconciliation, 269–70
resigns, 618–19. See also North ministry
North Bridge, Mass., 277
North Carolina, 47, 98, 215, 270, 445 (map), 456, 459, 467, 470, 475, 484, 494, 539, 621
Board of War, 473
and British army, 497
and Constitutional Convention, 682–83
and Continental Army, 395, 448, 499
governor of, 189, 215, 322
Indians, 577
legislature, 72, 73, 182, 189, 215
Loyalists, 464
militia, 460, 473, 483, 486, 488, 495
and nonimportation, 188, 189, 266
politics in, 45, 148
Provincial Assembly, 240
Provincial Congress, 328–29
and Stamp Act crisis, 148, 182. See also Carolinas
North Castle, N.Y, 357–58, 361, 362
North End caucus, 230
North End mob (Boston), 93. See also Boston, Sons of Liberty in
Northington, Lord Robert Henley, 112, 151, 152
North ministry, 214–15, 266–70
and strategy, 344, 373, 413, 415, 442
and Thomas Gage, 272, 287
Northwest Ordinance, 572, 611
Norwalk, Conn., 545
“Novanglus.” See Adams, John Nova Scotia, 413, 535, 564, 594
Noyes, Mary Fish. See Silliman, Mary Fish
Noyes, Rev. Joseph, 107
O’Hara, Charles, 483, 484, 485, 488, 490–92, 493
Ohio Company, 58, 300, 611
Ohio Valley, 576
Old Lights, 107–9
Old North Church (Boston), 555
Old Point Comfort (Yorktown), 582
Old South Meeting House (Boston), 555
Olive Branch petition, 319
Oliver, Andrew, 89, 110, 140, 147
letters published, 224–25
mob violence against, 92, 93–94, 105
petition for removal of, 233
salary of, 221
as stamp distributor, 92, 94–95
Oliver, Peter, 89, 147, 204–5
Orangeburg, S.C., 496
Ordinance of 1784, 609, 611
Ordinance of 1785, 610–11
Ordinance of 1787. See Northwest Ordinance
Orkney Islands, Scotland, 541
Orvilliers, Adm. Louis d’, 438–39
Oswald, Richard, 592–93
Oswego, N.Y., 374
Otis, James, Jr., 92, 105, 125–26, 147
Brief Remarks on the Defense of the Halifax Libel (1765), 91–92, 91n, 103–4
and Circular Letter, 164
and convention of towns, 178, 179
John Mein on, 206
and Massachusetts House of Representatives, 90–92, 168–69
on parliamentary sovereignty, 124–25
Peter Oliver on, 205
and the press, 176
public opinion of, 90–92, 160
and quartering of British army, 180
The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved (1764), 91–92, 124–25
and Robinson fight, 204–6
and Townshend Acts, 160, 162–63
A Vindication of the British Colonies (1765), 91–92, 91n, 103. See also Otis-Adams group; Otis-Hutchinson feud
Otis, James, Sr., 87–91
Otis-Adams group, 176–77, 185, 200, 207–8. See also Adams, John; Otis, James, Jr.
Otis-Hutchinson feud, 87–92
Ottawa Indians, 59–60
“O.Z.,” 102–3
Pace Commissioners (American), 595
“Pacificus.” See Galloway, Joseph, 184
Pacolet River (S.C.), 476
Paimboeuf, France, 539
Paine, Robert Treat, 245
Paine, Thomas, 3–4, 323–27, 401, 406, 515
Common Sense, 3–4, 161, 323, 325–26, 327, 407
and radicals, 637–38
Paine, Timothy, 261
Pallas, 541–42, 543
Palmer, Col. Joseph, 280
Palmes, Richard, 211
Paoli, Pa., 396
Parker, Capt. John, 275–76
